Currency Transaction Reports (CTRs) are official reports that financial institutions in certain jurisdictions, such as the United States, are legally required to file when a customer conducts a cash transaction exceeding a specified threshold (typically $10,000) in a single day. This requirement is part of broader Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and financial crime prevention regulations and is enforced under laws such as the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA).

The purpose of CTRs is to provide regulatory authorities, like the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN), with visibility into large cash movements that may indicate potential money laundering, tax evasion or other financial crimes. These reports must include detailed information about the person or business involved in the transaction, including identity verification data, the amount and nature of the transaction, and the financial institution where the transaction occurred.

Filing a CTR does not imply wrongdoing by the customer but is a compliance measure designed to promote transparency and accountability in the financial system. Financial institutions are obligated to file CTRs promptly and maintain proper records to ensure full regulatory compliance. Failure to do so can result in significant penalties and enforcement actions.